A variety of religious communities coexist in Switzerland. Freedom of faith and of conscience and freedom of worship are enshrined in the federal and cantonal constitutions.

For the most part, the Canton of Zug is Roman Catholic. With some 50,000 believers (53% of people over 15 years of age) the Catholic Church is the largest religious community. 17% of the canton's inhabitants are Protestant belonging to the Reformed Church. The same percentage admit to having no religious affiliation. Some 4000 Muslims live in the canton. According to the latest trends, as of 2012, the number of people with no religious affiliation is increasing.